Thunderbolt 5 port and controller faults
M4 Pro and M4 Max machines carry Thunderbolt 5, which runs at considerably higher signalling rates than Thunderbolt 4 and is correspondingly less tolerant of a marginal connector. A port that works for charging but drops high-bandwidth displays, negotiates a lower data rate than it should, or fails intermittently under load may have a connector fault, a controller fault, or a board-level problem. Testing the same cable and device across all three ports isolates a single port from the shared controller.
